Analysis of the Static Stability of Tailings Dam under Coupled Deformation and Seepage Fields     

CAO Lin-wei  PENG Xiang-he  LI De  LV Zhen-jiang  GAO Xiang 《保鲜与加工》2007,(5):112-118

The static stability of a tailings dam is analyzed with a finite element approach, which takes into account the effect of plastic deformation, temperature, saturation and void ratio on the properties of soil materials, the effect of water and soil interaction and the extended Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. The concept of yield approaching degree is introduced, which is defined as the ratio of the existing equivalent stress to the yield stress taking into account the effects of different influencing factors. The response of the tailing dam subjected to the coupled saturated/unsaturated seepage and deformation is simulated, considering that the dry beach is 100-meter long and the starter dam is jammed, respectively. The important indexes such as the deformation and the phreatic surface of the dam are obtained. The distribution of the yield approaching degree in the whole dam under the given condition is obtained, which can provide not only a general stability assessment of the dam, but also important information to the decision-making for the reinforcement and maintenance of the dam.  相似文献   

作物育种品系试验四种分析方法比较     

徐绍忠  杨德  廖晓虹  毛孝强 《作物学报》2003,29(1):119-122

用水稻、小麦和大豆的8个三重复品系试验的产量结果, 进行了作物育种品系试验的三种分析方法与随机完全区组分析(RB)的比较. 此三种分析方法分别是, 行列区组分析(RC)、行列区组及近邻小区分析(RCN)和行列区组及以小区丛数为协变量的协方差近邻分析(COV). 结果表明, 以误差均方作为相对效率指标, RC、 RCN、 COV相对于RB的平  相似文献   

转玉米C4光合酶基因水稻株系中的光合C4微循环   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

季本华  朱素琴  焦德茂 《作物学报》2004,30(6):536-543

用转PEPC、PPDK、NADP-ME、PEPC PPDK等酶基因的水稻株系及原种野生型(WT)为材料, 研究了不同基因型水稻叶片中的C4光合微循环及其功能.用外源OAA或MA饲喂叶切片或离体叶绿体后,光合放氧速率在野生型水稻中增加了50%,在NADP-ME-和PPDK-转基因水稻中增加了50%～54%,在PEPC-和 PEPC PPDK-转基因水稻中增加了100%～150%.证明原种水稻Kitaake叶片中具有一个原初的和有限的C4光合微循环,除PPDK基因、NADP-ME基因外,外源PEPC基因或PEPC PPDK双基因导入原种水稻Kitaake后,可大幅度提高C4光合微循环的运行.水稻中C4光合微循环的增强有降低光呼吸速率(Pr)、增加净光合速率(Pn)的作用,在光能利用上,可增加PSⅡ光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光化学猝灭(qp)、降低非光化学猝灭(qN)的作用;这些结果为转C4光合酶基因水稻中建立C4微循环系统来提高光合作用效率的可能性提供了依据.  相似文献   

The global adaptation of bread wheat at high latitudes     

R. M. Trethowan  Alexei Morgunov  Zhonghu He  R. De Pauw  J. Crossa  M. Warburton  Arman Baytasov  Chunli Zhang  M. Mergoum  G. Alvarado 《Euphytica》2006,152(3):303-316

Spring sown bread wheat is grown at high latitudes in Europe, Asia and North America. However, it is not clear what the associations are among environments, particularly in Asia and North America, and whether or not cultivars developed in one region may adapt in another. A yield trial comprised of cultivars developed in northern Kazakhstan, western Siberia, the Canadian Prairies, northern USA, northeastern China and broadly adapted genotypes bred by CIMMYT in Mexico was planted in all the above mentioned environments in 2002–2004. In general, cultivars performed best within the regions they were developed. However, cultivars developed in northern Kazakhstan/western Siberia were the most broadly adapted at high latitudes; they were not significantly different for grain yield from the locally developed cultivars in both China and Canada. Stronger photoperiod response, greater plant height and larger seed weight appeared to be key adaptive features of these materials. At lower latitudes, the Kazakh/Siberian cultivars were significantly lower yielding than all other materials. When low latitude Mexican sites were removed from the analysis, the Chinese locations tended to associate, whereas most Canadian and Kazak/Siberian locations were negatively associated with those from China. SSR analysis of the cultivars from each region split the materials into two general groups, one based on North American cultivars and one comprised of Kazakh/Siberian and Chinese cultivars. Lines developed in Mexico were spread across these two groupings. Evidence suggests that considerable scope exists to improve bread wheat adaptation at high latitudes globally through intercrossing materials originating from Asia and North America.  相似文献   

Variation of Phyllosphere Microflora of Different Rice Varieties in Sri Lanka and its Relationship to Leaf Anatomical and Physiological Characters   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

D. M. De Costa  R. M. P. S. Rathnayake  W. A. J. M. De Costa  W. M. D. Kumari  D. M. N. Dissanayake 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2006,192(3):209-220

Anatomical and physiological characters of the leaf surface and its physico‐chemical environment substantially influence the density and diversity of phyllosphere‐inhabiting microorganisms, which may include natural antagonists of important pathogens. The objective of this investigation was to quantify the phyllosphere (i.e. leaf surface) microbial population in a range of rice varieties grown in Sri Lanka and to identify the leaf anatomical and physiological characters that determine the density and diversity of phyllosphere microbes. Fifteen rice varieties including both traditional and new high‐yielding varieties were used in a planthouse experiment and a field experiment in two consecutive seasons to quantify the phyllosphere microbial population and measure leaf characters that may influence it. There were highly significant intervarietal variations in the density and diversity of epiphytic bacterial, fungal and total microbial populations under both planthouse and field conditions. However, there was no difference between traditional and new, high‐yielding varieties in their capacity to harbour epiphytic microbes in the phyllosphere. Total microbial density (TMD) under both conditions showed positive correlations with leaf hair density, stomatal density and transpiration rate. Under planthouse conditions, TMD was also positively correlated with leaf hair length and negatively correlated with leaf temperature. These correlations can be explained in terms of providing favourable microsites on the phylloplane for epiphytic microbial growth.  相似文献   

氮硫交互作用对小麦苗期生长和养分吸收的影响   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15  

刘宝存  孙明德  吴静  黄德明 《华北农学报》2002,17(3):90-93

通过基质盆栽冬小麦，研究了氮硫交互作用对小麦苗期生长及养分吸收的影响。研究结果表明，氮、硫对苗期小麦的生长都有一定影响，氮的增产效果远大于硫，当氮肥用量为200mg/盆时，小麦生物量的最大增产幅度89％；在低氮水平下，硫肥的增产效果最佳，最高可增产125。硫肥的施用可以提高苗期小麦植株体内硫的累积量，在氮素胁迫的情况下最为显著，可提高1倍以上；同时降低植株体内氮的累积，但降低幅度不大。氮素充足时，地上部与地下部生物量之比为2.4-3.9，氮素胁迫条件下，小麦的地上部和地下部的生物量相当，说明氮素养分不足时，小麦合成的有机物质更倾向于分配给根系，促进根系的生长，这可能是小麦抵抗胁迫环境条件的生理机制之一。  相似文献   

Techniques for the vegetative propagation of maize (Zea mays L.)     

F. De Wolff 《Euphytica》1971,20(4):524-526

Summary Techniques for the vegetative progapation of maize are described. The techniques were successful for a long-season, day length-sensitive variety of maize.  相似文献   

Variation for plant characters and for performance of softwood cuttings of Rosa canina ‘Inermis’ seedlings     

D. P. De Vries  Lidwien A. M. Dubois 《Euphytica》1987,36(2):407-412

Summary Thirty, one-season-old Rosa canina Inermis seedlings (8–12 mm in diameter) were grown in the greenhouse. After 5 months, single-node softwood cuttings were made of each plant. Analysis of variance demonstrated marked differences between the internode length, number of leaflets per leaf and the leaf area of the original seedling, and between the time of axillary bud-break, axillary sprout length and weight of adventitious roots of their 23-day-old cuttings. Clonal root weight of cuttings was highly significantly correlated with: number of leaflets per leaf (r=–0.65), leaf area (r=+0.65), and days to axillary bud-break (r=+0.62). The origin of heterogeneity among Inermis seedling rootstocks, its probable effect on the flower production of cut roses and its possible use in the selection for clonal rootstocks are discussed.  相似文献   

Resistance in Cucumis sativus L. to Tetranychus urticae Koch. 4. The genuineness of the resistance     

O. M. B. De Ponti 《Euphytica》1978,27(2):435-439

Summary For several generations subpopulations of the twospotted spider mite were reared on cucumber varieties previously selected as partially resistant. Subsequently resistance tests were carried out in the laboratory and the glasshouse with mites from these subpopulations and concurrently with mites from a basic population reared on a susceptible cucumber line. In these tests neither acceptance nor net reproduction or damage index on the partially resistant varieties depended on the kind of mite populations used as inoculum. Therefore it is concluded that the resistance is genuine. The stability of the resistance is discussed.  相似文献   

冬小麦杂种F_1及其亲本光合特性的研究初报   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

张其德  朱新广  王强  卢从明  匡廷云  张文祥  张建华 《作物学报》2001,(5)

研究了 10个冬小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.)杂交组合的子一代 (F1)及其亲本的光合特性。结果表明 ,在这 10个杂交组合中 ,虽然只各有 4个杂交组合的 F1的 PS 总的光化学量子产额 (Yield)和光化学荧光猝灭系数 (q P)有超亲现象 ,但绝大多数组合的 F1光合功能都与母本十分相近 ,正反交组合的结果进一步证明这种相关性。可见 ,母系遗传对于 F1光合功能的优劣有着十分重要的作用。根据所得的实验结果 ,认为在配置冬小麦杂交组合时 ,选择具有优良光合功能的品种作母本 ,可为进一步筛选光合功能好的稳定品种创造条件 ,是加速小麦育种进程的重要途径之一  相似文献